Teaching goals & Learning objectives

 
  K-01
The role and added value of the hospital pharmacist in health care
Speaker: Professor Bert Leufkens, Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Hospital pharmacy is a discipline recognised in most European countries. After 4-6 years of basic pharmaceutical education and advanced program of educational training is followed during several years. In the Netherlands this period now is 4 years of training on the job, guided by a centrally coached education program.
The ZAPO (in dutch: Hospital Pharmacist in Training) get acquainted with a wide diversity of professional pharmaceutical tasks. Besides the traditional pharmaceutical activities as dispensing, preparation and laboratory work the hospital pharmacist is involved in many clinical pharmaceutical or pharmacological tasks.
The involvement in clinical trials is more and more expanding. One of the established members of medical ethical committees is the hospital pharmacist, whereas three prominent hospital pharmacists are member of the Dutch Medicine Evaluation Board (MEB).

Teaching goals:

• to explain the position of the hospital pharmacist in the field of health care professionals,
• to illustrate several specific activities or tasks of the hospital pharmacist,
• to inform about the educational program of hospital pharmacists,
• to illustrate the role of the hospital pharmacist in the development of new drugs, from trials to the approval by the MEB’s and the pharmacovigilance after marketing authorisation.

Learning objectives:
After attending the activity the participants will have insight in the specific tasks of the hospital pharmacist in the development of new drugs and the whole field of patient care.
This knowledge will initiate a self reflection upon their own professional behaviour and guide them to a better , newer or expanded professional performance

  K-02
The value of the hospital Pharmacist as a member of the therapeutic team
Speaker: Professor Lars Heslet, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

The value of the basic hospital pharmacy services in distribution, information and preparation has always been highly appreciated by the clinical staff on European Hospitals. A few European countries have also seen the benefit of the clinical working pharmacist as an integrated part of the daily care and treatment on the wards. In most European countries this process of introducing the pharmacist to work in collaboration with the clinical staff is developing very slow if developing at all.
Lots of inspiration for the development of the clinical pharmacy services has been available from Britain and the United States but has been difficult to transfer to European practice.  The introduction of clinical working pharmacists, Clinical Pharmacy, has been successful in many cases showing the value of the pharmacist.

One recent example is carried out at the Intensive Care Unit at Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen where a clinical working pharmacist has been member of the therapeutic team at the Intensive Care Unit for 10 years: The work of the clinical pharmacist was initiated by problems keeping the budget and expanded to cover:

Reengineering of the logistic process behind drug consumption on ward level
Quality tools for the safe use of drugs from ordering, ordination to the point of administration to the patient
Establishing Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) on the ward
Training doctors and nurses in GPP
The aim of the presentation is to show the value of the pharmacist and on the same time give inspiration to European collegues who until now has been unable to cross the boarder between the pharmacy and the clinic.

Teaching goals:

• to show the value of the clinical working pharmacist,
• to show how the collaboration between doctors, nurses and pharmacists can be initiated and financed,
• to illustrate the different areas of work where a pharmacist can add quality and be cost effective as a member of the therapeutic team of an Intensive Care Unit.

Learning Objectives:
The attendees will understand the value of the clinical working pharmacist and the possibilities for stating a service back home.
The attendees will understand the value of been educated in quality aspects from the pharmacy and se the possibilities in introducing this on the ward

K-03
Speaker: Mr Donald Hughes, Conwy & Denbighshire NHS Trust, Rhyl, United Kingdom

This session will cover the issues around identifying the types of errors that can occur during the entire medication process. It will outline a new approach called the “Safer Patient Initiative” that has been promoted by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. This multi-disciplinary approach quantifies the errors that occurs and then looks at simple pro-active methodology to eliminate or reduce the errors from the system. The presentation will look at real-life examples of how this has been managed and implemented in hospitals across the UK.

Learning objectives:
Following this session, attendees will:

• understand the potential for errors throughout the medication use process,
• develop an understanding of the benefit of pro-active information and strategies about managing errors as opposed to the traditional “passive learning” concept,
• go away with positive, practical ideas as to how to improve medication and patient safety within their own hospitals,
• have a basic understanding of proven techniques to quantify medication errors,
• have an understanding of the key role that the hospital pharmacist can play in leading medication and patient safety.

Seminar 1: Handling gene therapy drugs in Europe

Level: Introductory
Speaker A: Dr Nicola Stoner, Cancer Research UK, Oxford, UK
Speaker B: Dr Andras Vermes, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam,The Netherlands

 
Teaching goals:
To make the audience familiar with the potential of gene medicines as unique form of pharmacotherapy:

• what are the fundamentals of gene medicines,
• what techniques are used to transfer exogenous genetic information into cells,
• differences in techniques and carriers / vectors with regard to incorporation in the genome and duration of the effect,
• limitations of gene medicines and potential risks,
• how these products should be handled according the EAHP guidance for Handling Gene medicines in a hospital pharmacy.

Learning objectives:
At the conclusion of the seminar attendants will be able to:

• describe different forms of gene therapy (ex vivo / in vivo, genomic and extra-genomic),
  
• identify potential disease targets for gene medicines with their chance for success,
• list the different vectors in use with different properties and duration of effect,
• discuss the potential, limitations and safety aspects of gene medicines,
• describe the requirements for safe handling of gene medicine in a hospital pharmacy environment,
• explain the difference between licensed and experimental gene medicines, with its consequences for practice,
• list all the steps in processing gene medicine in a clinical environment from prescription till administration,
• identify which of these steps are critical in terms of safety and quality,
• state the different legal aspects involved in handling gene medicine and apply them in practice.

Seminar 2: Hospital pharmacists make medicines available?

Level: Intermediate 
Speaker A: Mr Reinout Schellekens, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Speaker B: Professor Jan Raaijmakers, GlaxoSmithKline / Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Increasingly drugs are withdrawn from the market for commercial reasons. In addition, suitable formulations are lacking for many drugs for important patient groups like pediatric patients and intensive care patients. The hospital pharmacy can make such medicines available by compounding medicines on small and large scale. Large scale production may come close to industrial production and in tense relation with corresponding legislation.
 
Teaching goals:

• to show the value of HP in the preparation of medicines that are not or no longer commercially available,
•  to show the current and upcoming legislation in different European countries (GMP, off-label, ..),
• to show the impact on hospital pharmacy of industry standards and what this means for the future.
  

Learning objectives:
The attendees should after having attended this symposium know the value of HP in making medicines available through compounding but also have a mindset prepared for making a well balanced decision for the future of a production unit within HP

Seminar 3: How can we improve the quality and rate of ADR Reporting in hospital pharmacies ?

Level: Advanced
Speaker A: Dr Kees van Grootheest, Dutch Pharmacovigilance Centre LAREB, ’s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
Speaker B: Professor Gordon Schiff, Cook County Hospital, Chilcago, IL, USA

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) remain a shadow side of therapeutic agents and cause discomfort and harm in a substantial number of patients that, on an individual as well as population level, may outweigh potential benefits. The complete ADR profile of drugs is largely unknown at the time of approval due to shortcomings inherent in pre-approval studies. Reports of suspected ADRs are a cornerstone in the timely detection of safety issues.
 
Teaching goals:

• to present the necessity of learning about the safety of drugs after approval,
• to present methods and systems to extend knowledge about safety of drugs after approval,
• to show the contribution of ADR reports in hospitalized patients therein,
• to make clear the contribution of hospital pharmacists in reporting suspected ADRs
• to make clear how to report,
• to show how in a basic form to perform causality assessment,
• to make clear barriers and opportunities of ADR reports from hospitals in comparison with those orig